Management Affairs Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Management Affairs - Essay ExampleTheir wedding is a huge event, whateverthing tie in to this event also becomes famous. Their wedding cake is no exception. As soon as the couple accepts the offer, an balance is made between two parties to the exhort. The legally binding hire is made as soon as the acceptance of the offer is made. The offer will be accepted by Choc Delux as soon as Kim is done negotiating with the company about the cake. Everything that the company communicates to the other party (Kim and Kanye) will become part of their contract engagement. They will be bound by the English law to abide by the agreement as diligently and prudently possible. There is a slight exception about enforceability of the contract promises made in social/casual agreements are generally not enforceable under the UK Contract Law. However, this case is not social or casual. This is a business and given the magnanimity of the event also binds the two parties in certain obligations. For inst ance, in general circumstances cancelling an order such as wedding cake would not be much news. This case is different as it will be a breach of agreement since it will be a huge loss to the Choc Delux Company if they lose the spot of providing cake for the volumed wedding. In case Kim breaches her agreement with the company she will be liable to pay the damages (the deal) from Choc Delux. The contract also states that Choc Delux is the sole provider of the wedding cake which means that if Kim and Kanye buy other cakes for their wedding indeed they will be in breach of the contract and will have to pay the claim in damages to the company. In case the breach happens from the couples side the company will fill fit as to what kind of amount it seeks in damages. If the couple agrees to pay the exact amount (or any other form of compensation that the company sees fit) then the matter will be resolved. If the couple challenges the claim then they will have to settle it among themselve s through

Zara Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Zara - Essay ExampleBy using these chips, Zara can easily and quick determine their consumer trends. The club can identify which of its products are quickly bought by their customers. RFID technology have allowed Zara to rent inventories regularly and this helps the company to paint an accurate picture of what fashions are selling well and which ones are languishing. This assists the company to plan and meet the demand posed by their consumers through the most in-demand fashion.Other industries could also adopt the radio frequency identification- RFID chips to help penetrate their business. This technology can assist businesses within diverse industries to track their sells or business assets. This strategy can become adopted by organizations that are in the exaltation industry. By placing RFID chips on their trucks, transport companies can determine where there trucks are at any fact time. This helps the companies to keep track of the transportation and movement of goods which they may be charged with. Proper tracking in business helps to boost sells and provide a good ground for inventory

Feminism, Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Feminism, - Essay Example while it is important to appreciate that these practices happen within a cultural context we then mirror the akin aspects through the western culture and knowledge, global health, feminist and humanitarian perspective to come up with themes of resemblance and contrast. The Pain of Thinking too Much, dolor de cerebro and the Embodiment of Social Hardship among Nicaraguan Women is the main obligate in this report. Yarris mentions about families whose sons and girls migrate to Costa Rica, Panama, S imposition and the U.S in search for work and better lives for their families. The migration of sons and daughters is equated to combating poverty and those take a breathering behind have to assume caregiver roles and responsibilities, which is often an added burden. The women worry over the security and safety of their children as they transcend borders using illegal means to gain entry. In Nicaragua, the economics of migration sees households making a closin g of send one or more members to neighboring countries to work as a strategy to adjoin the income and economic security. The capitalistic economies create inferior jobs under pathetic working conditions in order to remain profitable with nationals unwilling to accept working in these conditions. This line of thought perceives the economics of the well to do countries exploiting and destroying poor countries through societal fragmentation (Yarris 230). While some contemplate genital female mutilation with horror, others hit it up and translate the process as purification and to constitute an important part of shaping and defining maidenly sexuality, aesthetic and religion. Amidst the pang and discomfort, there is pride, joy, satisfaction and emotional attachment with girls who undergo the practice as initiates. some(prenominal) authors converge in similarity on how history and human society use pain as a social mechanism to manipulate women and transform their identity. Human b eings spend most of their lives in pain or woefulness. Pain and suffering can be viewed punishment, sacrifice, reward or destiny. Aristotle spoke of pain as passions of the soul and to this day, we associate these emotions with matters of the soul and spirituality. Social forces through social institutions, global systems and culture cause social suffering. This is as witnesses in horrifying inhuman global acts and the role of institutional policies in producing greater suffering to human beings. In the era of organized religion pain and suffering was attributed to superior powers. The gods would determine when, how, who, where and the course of suffering to give to human beings as an indication of their displeasure. In Christianity, suffering is not considered a self-aggrandising thing or experience, but an essential aspect to get closer to God. In eastern cultures, self-inflicted pain is a religious tradition and believed to be manageable (Walley 406). According to Searching for Voices, Feminism Anthropology and the Global reason on Female Genital Operations, the worrier syndrome among Nicaragua women and genital mutilation as embedded in traditions may have serious effects on the health of populations. The older women suffer both mentally and emotionally as the worry and feel anxious for family members who are away especially if the person is a son, daughter or both. They are

COLLABORATIVE OR PRINCIPLED NEGOTIATION Assignment - 1

cooperative OR PRINCIPLED NEGOTIATION - Assignment ExampleIt will overly be very grievous not to ignore the fact that principled duologue is thorough in terms of the factors that are considered and the video display of the various requirements of the software stakeholders.This is a technique that has proved to be effective for a person who intends to crock up the problem from the stakeholders. For example, clients might not have the same computing background as the suppliers or developers. This implies that at that place should be a way through which the requirements can take into consideration the difference in the disposition of the differences of the stakeholders if in any case the hear is to become a success.This is a method that can also enable engineering of requirements to be based on the interests of the negotiators rather than their positions. Through focusing on the interests, a software developer might be able to determine the common ground for all the stakeholder s. This is basically because he nature of the software that is developed will need to be in accordance to the requirements of the suppliers and the end users.This negotiation approach also allows for the invention of mutual gain. One thing about computers system is that they usually bourgeon with time. For instance, in this case it was discovered that the money that was availed by the government would not be sufficient for the require hardware for the necessary spreading of implementation functionality. Therefore, the negotiation process led to the division of the whole project into phases with the first phase being the most important one which was food control. The division into phases was a resolvent of thorough study of the interests of the stakeholder and looking of the most appropriate way through which all the stakeholders would be fit even with the limited resources.The fact that people rarely change their positions,

DISCUSS THE AETIOLOGY AND PATHOLOGY OF RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS WITH Essay

DISCUSS THE AETIOLOGY AND PATHOLOGY OF RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS WITH repute TO ITS PRESENTATION IN THE FOOT - Essay ExampleThe disease, which lasts over a long period of time, idler cause damage to cartilage, fancy up, tendons and ligaments (DynoMed.com, 2000).Foot de habitusities are very common in RA. These deformities whitethorn affect affected role functional animal root word, especially hallux rigidus and calcaneal valgus (Bal, et al. 2006). Human foot is more susceptible to arthritis because the human foot contains 33 joints. About 90 pct of RA patients will complain of problems with the midfoot and forefoot while 67 percent will have problems with the hindfoot and ankle. The ankle is usually the last joint to be involved with RA (DynoMed.com, 2000).RA causes irritation in the line (synovium) of joints, most often the joints of the feet. The most common symptoms of RA in the foot are pain in the ass, swelling, and stiffness. Symptoms usually appear in several joints on bot h feet. The signs of inflammation can to a fault include a senseing of substantialth around affected joints. In some patients, chronic inflammation results in damage to the cartilage and bones in the joint. Serious damage can lead to aeonian joint destruction, deformity, and disability (FootPhysicans.com, 2007). With the progress in the disease the feeling of pain in the joint or in the sole or ball of the foot will increase. The joint may be warm and the way the patient walk may be affected. In addition the patient may disclose corns or bunions, and the toes can begin to curl and stiffen in positions called claw toe or buffeting toe. Corns, or even ulcers, may develop on the foot. Metatarsalgia, a general term for pain in the sole or the ball of the foot, is also very common. This indicates that RA is affecting the metatarsal joints of the toes. Hindfoot and ankle pain often involves the posterior tibial tendon. The ankle itself is usually the last joint in the foot to be invo lved with RA (DynoMed.com, 2000).As the disease progresses in the foot region, the joint space becomes narrow and bone begins to rub on bone, leading to painful arthritis. Besides, deformities may occur resulting in loosening of the ligaments and capsule lining of the joint. If the housing of the joint or the capsule loosens up considerably, the joints mostly in front of the foot may dislocate. This can cause painful swelling on the bottom of the ball of the foot that can chance on walking even more terribly uncomfortable. Later the big toe begins to deviate and bunions may form on the inside of the big toe (footandankle.mdmercy.com, N.D.).In cases where the hindfoot (back of the foot) and ankle are affected, the bones may deliver position in the joints. This can cause the long arch on the bottom of your foot to ease up (flatfoot), resulting in severe pain and difficulty walking. Because RA affects the entire system, the patient may also feel feverish, tire easily, and lose appet ite (AAOS, 2001).AETIOLOGYThe exact cause for RA is still unknown, but on that point are many thoughts about what might contribute to it. A sudden and traumatic injury such(prenominal) as a broken bone, torn ligament, or ankle sprain can cause the wound joint to become arthritic in the future. According to Cotran et al, (1994)...RA is triggered by exposure of an immuno-genetically susceptible host to an arthritogenic microbic antigen. Heredity, or the genes from the parents, may be a determining factor in who gets rheumatoid arthritis. Roth explains that this genetic sensitiveness appears to be related to the

Toulmin Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Toulmin - Essay ExampleThe youngsters are getting more and more involved in the negative activities of bullying and negative social behaviors at take aim and offices. These attitudes can be observed since the period of early childhood and it all significantly depends upon the exposure to the media programs that bring forward effect. Nonetheless, every means of media does not participate in enhancing such attitude but the discipline which includes ferocity is notably promoted through movies. Human beings have a mental capability to have continuous erudition and their personalities are known to be impacted from the content that they see and read on a symmetric basis (Escobar-Chaves and Anderson 147). There are however, two schools of thought that are having an argument about presence of violence in media. The first one tends to establish that the promotion of violence is aggravating inhumane behaviors in the company and the separate one argues that violence in movies helps th e community to know about the current negative behaviors in the societies and therefore, provide food of thought for intellects and policy makers that have to develop interventions to manage the occupation. Previous researches depicted the incident that media has a significant correlation with behavior alteration. It is not only stated that media earns bad behavior to sum up and passel overly conceive themselves to follow the demonstrated behaviors on the big-screen.. There has been a number of verifiable researches and surveys which have effectively explored the extent to that media promotes bad behaviors in the community (Huesmann and Taylor 393) Media content nowadays is intended for produce audience but due to insignificant control, children have been known to expose to an inappropriate material and it causes behavioral disequilibrium and confusion. Media is taken as a threat to public health and if violence is being frequently genetic without any prominent control meth od then, the condition will worsen and that is for sure. Media has an impact over the people of every age but in the case of children, it works faster and in a deeper sense. The content may include television shows, video games and movies. According to some recent studies, it has been found that news media also significantly impacts the behaviors of the people (Escobar-Chaves and Anderson 149). There are two groups with divergent views about the featured problem. One is in favor of the stance that media has significant impact over the public behavior and it is promoting violence while early(a) claims that media has been a source for highlighting social problems and therefore, making a positive contribution towards the community. However, researches have been works with both the statements. According to a general view, media has adverse affects over the audience in many regards, for instance, the junior viewers, who watch television 2 hours on an average without any control, suffer from many disorders such as school absenteeism, sleeping disorders, underage sexual relationships and bullying the colleagues at educational institutions (Carnagey and Anderson et al. 178). Alternative views suggest that this is the problem with viewers age limit because the content was not intended for underage. The video games on the other hand, are intended for the kids and these are full of violent activities. Children imitate the activities and stunts which are performed by the heroes of the games and movies which may cause harm as well. Another

What Caused World War 2 and Why Did the US Become Involved in It Research Paper - 1

What Caused homo War 2 and Why Did the US plough Involved in It - Research Paper ExampleThe Weimar Germany steamed trouble that drove towards the Second World War.The treaty received a lot of dissatisfaction claims from the Germans included the loss of case of its territories and the tribute that the Germans had to pay as reparations for the war effects. Besides this reason, the Italian fascism of the 1920s, the Japanese military development, the attack on China in mid-thirties and the Nazis take everyplaceinclusive with Adolf Hitler all point to the Second World War. In 1933 after Hitler and his Nazi fellows had taken over power, the grievances of the Germans over the lost war became apparent with the demands raised as part of the Nazi ideology. The demands proved more ambitious and included the uniting of the German community in one nation and the demand that take to the acquisition of space commonly referred to as living space.The living space used as a way of cleaning the country. Through it, the Germans gained access to the East and colonized the territories he found. The actions of the Nazis created tensions in the other(a) states through these ideologies developed. Then started the colonization effects with Italy claiming over Ethiopia, Japan over Manchuria in the year 1931 and its devouring(a) entry into China in 1937 and the Germans rearmament and remilitarization of the Rhine lands at around 1936. The Germans went further to divide the Eastern part of Europe into a Nazi and the Soviet areas each with different levels of influence. The Danzig crisis followed that triggered the war in Europe at around 1939. In addition, competition for resources played a role in creating the Second World War.

Religious Perspectives Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Religious Perspectives - Essay ExampleAs such, each forbids poisonous and enjoins good. That is the crux of any similarity in their perspectives.They seem to disagree on the very reason for the sermon. pop observance of some holidays in honor of individuals is the main point of ideological contention between the speakers. The announcer leans toward commendation while implying Shaykh Mahmud was somehow opposed (Windows, 109). He embraces the legendary remembrance of individuals. He focuses on the fallibility of scholars especially how they could unknowingly thwart good in their nearsightedness (Windows, 110). Shaykh Mahmuds sermon was a pretty standard Be handsome to others and praise your Maker sermon. He did not explicitly oppose anything of the sort (Windows, 110 - 116). His non-mention of Sidi Abd ar-Rahman Uthman ash-Shahawi could be understand as a rejection of the proceedingsEach speaker establishes a distinct position on how they cogitate Islam should be performed. The a nnouncer approaches the celebration in terms of the overt observance of a holiday born in modern legend and appeals mostly to logic. Shaykh Mahmud approaches it in terms of the esoteric message appeals mostly to Quran and Sunnah of the prophet Muhammad (SWS).One may infer certain points about the different ways that some contemporary Muslims commemorate about Muslim devotional practices.

College Saving Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

College Saving Plan - Essay ExampleAs the idea highlights, it is assumed that Wally who is 17 years old allow join college at 18 years and this authority that he only have one year to join college. He testament also ascertain college for four years and full time basis. Since there are only four years, the parent will pay 100% of all the projected college damages and wish to meet all the savings goals by the time he completes the studies. The parents will make a periodical contribution towards their sons college savings. The cost of college education is expected to increase by 3% annual which is the inflation rate. The couple also expects to put on a 9.65% after tax every year in the college saving fund. The current college cost is $25,000 per year. base on this analysis, 100% of the total college cost will be $107,728which then means a monthly contribution of $2,122. The couple wished to save for the college education of the devil children. In this case, 529 plans can be us ed for the cardinal children. The only difference between the saving for the 2 children is that the saving for Wally will start only a year to joining college while that of Theodore will start 14 years before he joins college-assuming that the two children will join college at the age of 18. The parents will also have to contribute less in terms of monthly pay for Theodore than for Wally. Based on the above assumptions, 100% of the total college costs for Theodore will be $158, 203 leading to a monthly contribution of $354 aimed at meeting this cost. Since Harvard and UMass-Boston are both base in Massachusetts State, the best 529 plan would be U.Fund College Investing Plan. This saving plan is managed by faithfulness and offers five different individual fund portfolios to choose from with each portfolio corresponding to the age of the beneficiary. It does not look at any state residency. With this plan which is based in Massachusetts State, then it means that the savings for th e college of the two children will well placed as the finances will be paid to their colleges.

Legal Aspects of the Oil & Gas Industry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Legal Aspects of the petroleum & Gas Industry - Essay ExampleThe large multinational oil companies owing to their economies of scale as well as proper use of human capital have attained efficiency. But falsifiable evidence also reveals that nationalization of foreign assets hinders foreign investments and have resulted in the drop of output, national income for oil-dependent economies (Guriev, Kolotilin & Sonin, 2009, p.2). 2. understate Now with the nationalization of the international oil companies by the host countries many questions arise in the forefront. It shadow be questioned that whether the government of host countries achieves parity with the international oil companies while exercising their permanent reign over the natural resources by nationalizing the operations of oil Companies who are exploring and exploiting oil and gas resources in their countries and therefore bringing about socio-economic growth. The right of the host government for breaching terms of oil and gas transactions contracts between the countries and companies can be done at will which also questions the sanctity of contract in much(prenominal) cases. Libya and Iran are two oil-rich countries where nationalization of international oil companies have taken place with various sound problems where the International Court of Justice (ICJ) have intervened and have declared various decisions. The paper will pay a judicial precedent in accordance with the decisions taken in the Iranian case and indeed will discuss in what ways it has affected the Libyan case.

Theory of the Derive Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Theory of the Derive - audition ExampleThus, it quotes from social and city observers about characteristics of derive, such as that of Chombart de Lauwe (1952),who described, an urban neighborhood is determined non only by geographical and economic factors, but also by the image that its inhabitants and those of other neighborhoods conduct of it, (Debord, 1952, P 5). It then provides the viewer the derive actor a thought, interpretation, or meanings. When it comes to nature, many a(prenominal) forms of derive may be obtained, and contrasting thoughts and impressions may be formed depending on where or what the viewer may go through. While it is possible to describe a lifelike environment as untouched by kinds, it no longer applies to being undisturbed. Human activities already altered much of nature, touched and untouched. Indirectly, no st unitarys cast off been left hand unturned, so to speak. However, this does not limit nor impede nature derive for one who remains opti mistic. One sees many aspects of visual representations line, shape, balance, form, symmetry, asymmetry, volume, color saturation, contrast and unity. In the exploration of line, or so of natures products are seen with straight, almost straight, and pull down curvy lines from tree trunks to leaf features. Many are repetitive, forming symmetry and unity. If one goes deeper, one may inspect the bamboo trunk, with fibers of lines, thousands of them per stem. These can be separated and still form lines like the one seen on synthetic fabrics as is they were engineered to be such. Perhaps, they were engineered by higher forms to be such. Bamboos are structural materials, or all the same materials for fabrics as is. Bamboo Fiber. Source Wikipedia, 2011. When it comes to shapes, many representations are sky-inspired. There are the sun, moon and stars, with the moon forming several shapes in the span of a month. There are snowflakes, raindrops, even lightning. Mountains are often pyramid al, or triangular, imitated by human dwellings with their rooftops. There are oblong fishes, and billions of leaves with thousands of variations. Then there are rocks of varieties of spherical shapes, odd and common. The light that emanates from some of these rocks also inspire their own shapes say a diamond. We will never get enough of botanys balance and form. Perfect radiances of flower petals, a center with its attractive colors and forms, and shapes, or even volumes of stigma, anther, and filaments that have for thousands of years attracted many derive experiences. It is how they have occupied important roles in human interaction and survival. In fact, even in afterlife. Flowers represent to humans a lot of things, generally positive and celebratory. It melts anger, pain, and sorrow. It unites, welcomes, refreshes, cheers, consoles, applauds. Flowers have performed well and good to the human experience they continue providing derive experiences of immeasurable pleasure until now. Source http//flowers-show.com/ moreover derive is not all about optimist impressions. As mentioned earlier, there are also negative aspects of natural environment derive experiences which had been influenced by human touch, whether nature liked it or not. Through parsimonious consumption, mindless disposal and major economic activities, nature in many aspects of its existence have been negatively affected by humans. Take for example the latest sea oil spill. Take a forecast at what volume may mean below (Source

Online blog research Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Online blog research - Essay good exampleThese considerations carry even more weight when we explore the factors that will determine a successful web situate that markets toys.The complexness of marketing toys on the Internet begins with the target audience. The website offering toys will be visited by young children, their p bents, and grandparents. in that respect will be vast differences in Internet capability and a wide variety of tastes. The site should be simple enough to navigate for a 10-year-old child, yet offer the sense of security and aver required for an adult to feel comfortable. The test of 3 websites offered by major toy retailers showed some key differences in usability across age groups.To begin the investigation, we attempted to shop for two toys on etoys.com, toysrus.com, and fatbraintoys.com. These sites were selected by their hump on the major search engines, which indicate they are probably most selected by consumers. While toysrus.com and etoys.com are fo r general toys, fatbraintoys.com has a niche market for educational toys. We looked for an erector set for a ten-year-old boy, and a Barbie doll for a ten-year-old girl. While toysrus.com used age brackets, such as 3-4 and 5-7 years of age, etoys.com and fatbraintoys.com listed each age below 8 separately. ... obtain by discussion section fared no better. On toysrus.com, we looked for the erector set under building sets and retrieved hundreds of unalike toys. narrowing the search by age the results were still overwhelming. Simply shopping for an erector set was not realistic. Only on fatbraintoys.com was the erector set a separate category. However, the search for a Barbie doll was much simpler. ToysRUs and etoys had a listing for characters and brand, and Barbie was listed as a main category of toy. In fact, toysrus.com had 50 items listed under the Barbie category priced from $10 to $200. The Barbie department at etoys.com had over 100 Barbie items. The site operated by fatbra intoys did not carry a Barbie doll. When the search was narrowed to the 2008 holiday Barbie doll, toysrus.com and etoys.com had the doll and both were identically priced. All threesome websites offered toys that were categorized as boys or girls toys. Marketing differentiation is a difficult task on the Internet, and will certainly come down to product placement. Shopping for an erector set simply by narrowing the age group or shopping a department would take more time and patience than any child or adult would expend. However, all three sites have an easy to use site-specific search engine. By entering the word erector, all three sites returned their option of erector sets. However, there were significant differences in the results. While etoys.com listed 3 different erector sets priced between $40 and $100, fatbraintoys.com listed 20 different sets in the mark of $18 to $90. However, though toysrus.com only listed 8 different sets, they covered the wider price range of from $ 20 to $300. Clearly, when a consumer is shopping for a

Philosophy Final Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Philosophy Final - Essay ExampleThis is applicable because analytic sentences of normal talking to show a substantial diversity of form and complexity that makes their use in interpretation unreasonable. Although logical system is favorable in real time interpretation of concepts, other philosophical applications atomic number 18 besides subjective in making inferential assertions. Inductive and Deductive Reasoning This reasoning entails evaluation of suggestions resulting from whatsoever examples. In this manner, interpretations are made from general ideas to individual instances that suggest truths (Hausman, Kahane and Tidman 5). This concept involves reasoning from detailed observations and processes, which start from discovering patterns and consistencies, articulating some tentative suggestions that are discovered and then formulating a general inferences or theories. The synthesis of ideas from general opinions of specialized makes this logic to be called bottom up logic (Burgess 8). For instance, if A is true and B is true, the C is equiprobable. These logics also employ restrictive probability meanings to signify procedures of the degree to which suggestion statements support theories. Inductive reasoning is probable to fail and produce misconceptions, such as a speedy end mistake. Despite the mistakes made in inductive and considering the level of the limitations, most perception is inductive. For instance, inductive reasoning is applied in cell theory, which is among the basics of current biology uses the concepts of inductive reasoning. This is because all creatures observed are made up of cells. The argument is any true or false because biologists consider that all existing things are made up of cells (Minto 17). On the other hand, deductive reasoning operates to provide the truth of the inference offered that the statements evidences are accurate. This explains that, in a deductive argument, the evidences are planned to provide such close support for the deduction that, if the suggestions are true, then it would be inconceivable for the deduction to be untrue. Such an argument where the evidence accurately supports the conclusion is a deductively valid argument. For instance, if A is correct, and B is correct, then C must be true. This means that if a valid rubric has true deductions, then the argument is comprehensive and valid. This is approach explains the use of the term top-down approach. It entails narrowing down on a topic of interest into comprehensive and specific theories that can be explained (Hausman, Kahane and Tidman 7). However, the variance between the inductive and deductive arguments originates from the connection the author of the claims takes to be between the evidences and the deduction. This implies that if the author of the claim believes that the accuracy of the evidences establishes the truth of the inference due to description, reasonable structure or scientific requirement, then the argum ent is logical (Burgess 10). On the other hand, if the author of the claim does not consider that the accuracy of the evidences establishes the truth of the assumption, except considers that their truth offers good cause to believe the inference true, then the claim is inductive. The two bases of argument divine service philosophers and authors to make convincing conclusions about their theories or claims. This makes arguments valid and reasonable by the connections derived from claims and conclusions (Burgess 10). Conversely, deductive reason

Financial Market Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Financial Market - Essay ExampleThe value of the Euro to the one vaulting horse bill has shown the victory in gaining value over the US dollar. In January 2009 the permutation deem was 1Euro/USD 1.3866, in January 2010 the rate changed to 1Euro/USD 1.4389. This upward trend shows that the Euro is getting stronger in the forex food market as compared to the US dollar. In 2012, the value of vary dropped to 1Euro/USD 1.2458. Despite this drop, the value of the Euro is still higher than that of the US dollar.The Japanese fade is the domestic currency employ in Japan. The Yen has developed a relative stability and its recent reputation has led to investors opting to drop this currency as a secure investment for the dollar. In 2001 the exchange rate was 1$/Yen 121.2, in the year 2005, the Japanese Yen gained against the US dollar in the forex market where the exchange was 1$/Yen110.2. The trend continued where the Yen continued gaining against the US dollar. Even though todays ex change rate for the Yen to the dollar is still high at 1$/Yen79.8 the Yen has shown its success by increasing its value and minimizing the spread (Euromonitor International).The Canadian dollar is also gaining popularity among the investors across various parts of the world. As part of its success, its increasing substance abuse in the forex markets has shown that investors have recognized its stability. This currency has a remarkable use in transactions and enjoys over 4% of all transactions in the foreign exchange market daily. This is remarkable success in the forex market for this currency. For instance, the exchange rate for the Canadian dollar in 2001 was 1$/CAD1.5 while in 2005, the exchange rate changed to 1USD/CAD1.2 while in 2012, the exchange rate is 1USD/CAD1.0. This shows that the Canadian dollar gained strength against the US dollar to exchange thus it can be termed as a success to the Canadian dollar at the expense of the US dollar.The Swedish dollar is the Swedens c urrency. Its transactional use is higher up

Summarising and evaluating the contributions made to the Semantic Web Essay

Summarising and evaluating the contributions made to the Semantic Web investigate atomic number 18a and Challenges of the semantic web - Essay Example turn the progressive implications of the Semantic Web are evident there remains a number of varying contributions and argufys to the overriding movement.Ontologies are angiotensin-converting enzyme of the bad aspects of the Semantic Web. As the Indeed, as the Semantic Web is divided into a number of hierarchical layers, its noted that, the Ontology layer, in form of the OWL Web Ontology Language, is currently the highest layer of sufficient maturity (Lukasiewicz and Straccia 2007). While ontologies are highly contingent elements within the Semantic Web one of the primary problems related to their execution of instrument is the notion of vagueness. Current approaches to vagueness issues have been approached by a variety of formalisms for instance Google uses probalistic techniques. One of the most distributive concerns in terms o f vagueness is the understanding that linguistic elements oftentimes contain within them necessarily vague morphologic demarcations. For instance, Lukasiewicz and Straccia (2007) note the difficulty in determining the true extent that a tomato is ripe one considers that young or tall would produce similar search difficulties. Still, its recognized that considerable breeding is needed in this area, with current research focusing on description logics.Another prominent challenge of the Semantic Web is in terms of uncertainty. While vagueness issues are relegated to linguistic elements that lack a decisive boundary, uncertainty challenges can be understood -- as indicated by Lukasiewicz and Straccia (2007, p. 3) -- as including all those approaches in which statements quite an than being either true or false, are true or false to some luck or possibility (for example, it will rain tomorrow). In these instances, uncertainty is further understood in terms of probability and possibili ty, with possibility regarded as entirely

Critical analysis of affected of economic crisis on the luxury brand market Essay Example for Free

Critical analysis of stired of stinting crisis on the sumptuousness contrastiveiate food merchandiseplace look forI- Introduction sumptuousness Market has been most-valuable air divisions of the global retail securities industry place as fountainhead an key take up of the global economy. Bain Company (2011) prefigure the quantify of traditional sumptuosity market including fashion, jewelry and Dinnerwargon line represents approximately 150 billion to 200 billion in 2010 which is an dramatic increase from estimate that the global opulence market was worth about $ 86 billion in 1990 (McKinsey Co, 1990). Since the 1980s, the prodigality market has been growing at ten per cent per year.The emersion rate of luxuriousness is much eminenter than the growth rate of the global economy, which tick off names the opulence persistence, relevant and important stinting factor in the economy McKinsey (2011). Larousse (2005 p. 762) states Sophistication, which mak es the brilliancy and comfort in the ways to live The consummation of luxuriousness by clients is due to the motivation to profane specific trade names with eccentric products. The use of its products and consumer motivation be the result of uptake (Ahuvia Wong, 1998).See more than how to carry by dint of a good critical analysis essayUn indisputableties are present in the current economic climate plainly Bain Company (2011) estimates that the high life market is going to grow in the coming years at about five to six per cent per year around the world and in Asia with more than a ten percent growth rate. As mass market manufacturing increases, companies involve to increase the property of their highlife products in order to retain their clients (Heine, 2011). A break off understanding of the military issue of the economic crisis on the sumptuousness fashion shops go away be identified and understood for the purposes of understanding the effect of the economic crisis on the high life product industry.Kapferer, (2009) argues that without clear-cut specification of lavishness it is impossible to distinguish the prodigality consumer or extravagance marque, from others who are not. In this thesis the agent allow for start by explaining the aims and how the actor intends to achieve his aims. whence a literature review allow be undertaken to try and determine and restrain what lavishness is and define respective(a) factors, which make a product luxury. The author result in like manner try and generate a better understanding of why are luxury products important and the incompatible target markets who they is important for.The author willing discuss the methods utilise to complete the pack. The Author will then present various factors, which affect the Luxury fashion stains in the economic downturn. Finally the author will provide his findings and conclude discussing the personal effects of the economic downturn on the luxury fashion market 1. 1 Rational The author has elect to approach and better understand the world of luxury because of a personal interest at an academician direct. In addition, the author being a student of luxury for more than 5 years want to deeper understand how big luxury marker adapted to the economic crisis. 1.2 Aims Objectives The objective of this thesis is to study and analyse the luxury market and the threats that surround it. The aim of this study is to examine to what extent the economic crisis affects the luxury market. The objective is to understand the excogitations implemented by the luxury market during this menstruation of financial crisis. This thesis will be useful for understanding and analysing the luxury market and understand the various tools selling used. 1. 3 mind question -Understand the luxury market and its operation. -Understanding the economic crisis on the financial market of luxury and magnitude.-Assess the extent to which marketing tools are used during the economic crisis. -Include the importance of consumer and luxury image in marketing. -Evaluate the various threats of the luxury market. 1. 4 Theoretical framework II- Methodology The methodology chapter will allow the enquiryer to understand and describe the divers(prenominal) methods that give notice be used to successfully complete the objectives of this research project and move towards the aim of the research. Gillham (2000) explained that some(prenominal)(a) methods are more bewitch depending on the subject and objectives. It is necessary to adapt the methodology on the project.Gillham (2000) withal argues that research is about creating new knowledge, in a multitude of disciplines such(prenominal) as medicine, hi myth or social works, by using evidence in the form of quantitative and qualitative data. The definition of methodology, harmonize to Hart (2007, p. 28) is A system of methods and rules to facilitate the collection and analysis of data. It provid es the starting point of choosing an approach make up of theories, ideas, images and definitions of the topic therefore the raw materials of a critical activity consisting of making choices about the nature and oddballs of the social world (assumptions).This should not be confused with techniques of research, the application of methodology. In this section the researcher highlights, discusses and assesses the methods used for the collection and evaluation of data. The researcher will focus on tributary research for the purpose of this research the methodology will include the reasoning and justification for the choice of research design, saying method and in any case the sample of literature to be used to demonstrate a thorough understanding of the aims and objectives of the research. 2.1 woof of the research design Research is defined by Saunders et al. (2003, p. 488) as the dogmatic collection and ex innovationation of teaching with a clear purpose. The goal is to c ollect and analyse information to get a clear and complete goal. The most appropriate method for this study is secondary research. It was selected by the author with the aim of examining the luxury market and the various threats that surround it as the crisis. The goal is to achieve a critical analysis of the current market situation for luxury give aways.In addition Cottrell (2005) argues that many accredited sources are now available online. thirdhand research via the Internet tail end provide data of better quality than the result of primary research. In performing secondary research, the author has made a very wide collection of information from the literature. translation books, newspapers and articles online, acquired a clear and comprehensive knowledge of the subject. Considered safe by Saunders et al. (2003, p. 52) and it is recommended that. They are evaluated by partners before yield to assess their quality and convenience. To ensure that the collection of informat ion, theory and models necessary and relevant the author withal conducted secondary research in the sources of the luxury market. The press releases and video from website such as Vogue, spurt TV, Word of Fashion has allowed to deepen the knowledge. Stewart and Kami (1993) explain that the use of secondary data sources is an advantage. In addition, the authors point out that it allows the researcher to make a comparative analysis between the new collected data and previous data. 2. 2 braid of designYou need to maintain a critical perspective, the evaluation of the study on its own merits and in comparison with other studies on the same or similar problem. According to Saunders and al. (2003 p. 483) Saunders et al. (2003 p. 488) explains also the research The systematic collection and interpretation of information with a clear purpose The objective of the systematic collection and interpretation of information is to analyse and criticize the effects of economic crisis on the mark et of luxury brands. The research plan naturalized for this research project is the collection of qualitative information in a secondary search.During the construction and implementation of secondary research, it did not just say to read the previous literature, as explained Rudestam and Newtown (2001, p. 60) Critical evaluation is an integral party of process research and allows the completion of the secondary research. According to Cottrell (2005) Critical thinking is a complex function of deliberation that provides the skills and attitudes. Human nature is not the same for everyone. Some people are suspicious and the other is in trust. barely in critical thinking that is incompatible. This is not a character trait but a system of methodology used to analyse.According to Stewart (1993) and Saunders (2003) that secondary research is better suited for this research. In this thesis, the researcher collected data and secondary, secondary research allows access to reliable informat ion and theories that are related to branding. Stewart and Karmins (1993, p. 3) argues that secondary research differs from primary research so that secondary research is establish on reliable as primary research based on the analysis of the author information. The data required for completion of the aim and objectives is readily available from various secondary research resources. uncreated research could know helped to provide the researcher with a first hand insight into the industry but the lack of accessibility to the key stakeh seniorers and also time constraints to the research made primary research not feasible. 2. 3 Scope of research The luxury market is a vast market. It includes many products such as clothing, jewellery and cars And also many services such as travel and hotels. As the luxury market is the researcher will focus on a particular sector of the luxury product industry for the purposes of a targeted and viable research.This will help the researcher to look at factors affecting the specific sweep of luxury in detail. As BainCo (2010) raise Fashion is now the luxury sector expanding. The current furiousness for the fashion industry propels the luxury clothing first. The researcher is studying the field of luxury clothing. For the purposes of this research brands such as Louis Vuitton, Hermes, Dior and Chanel will be quoted at example to understand the current luxury market status. III- lit Review A review of the literature is very important for any research and is an essential part of it (Webster and Watson, 2002).With the nourishment of a literature review, the knowledge that is al organise prevalent on the topic in question may be determined (Hart, 1999). An incomplete comprehension the current literature efficiency lead to misunderstandings on the subject. Hart (1999) defines a literature review that the widespread use of literature to support an approach to a topic the establishment of a methodology which preserve be used and th e importance of new functionality that could potentially be supported by further research. It is also give tongue to to quality means the width and the appropriate depth, rigor and consistency, clarity and conciseness, analysis and efficient synthesis (Hart, 1999, p. 1).Webster and Watson (2002) define an effective review of the literature to be based on in-depth knowledge, and give us an understanding of where more research is needed. Cottrell (2005, p. 127) explains that when looking for evidence to support an argument that has been spoken on the subject in the literature should be considered, where relevant information hindquarters be entrap and understanding of the leading authorities on the subject.From the definitions, it is clear that it skunk be derived from a review of the literature effective ( bill and Ellis, 2006) 3. 1 What is luxury? 3. 1. 1 Definition Luxury brands looking to be desired and known by all, but consumed only by the happy few to keep their prestige exp lains Kapeferer (2002) This summarizes the overall strategy of luxury brands, however, some inconsistencies persist in the clear explanation of the definition of luxury. Gutzats (1996) demoes luxury with exhaustive definition Luxury two levels of representation. The first level is important.It includes product and brand (its news report, its unique expertise and talent) second level is psychological, it is exercise that our social environment and our brands influence us. Luxury is a product with three-fold objective characteristics that make it unique and rare, but also subjective characteristics with experience because of the importance that has consumers during the purchase process. The distinguishing characteristic factor of a product is essential to the concept of luxury. Explained by Dubois (2001), the prestige of a luxury brand can lose value if too many people own it.The diffusion of a luxury product is very important it must be selective to maintain the scarceness o f the product. However, according to Kapferer (2002), the luxury market is in perpetual change. Several factors explain why the brand luxuries change their family relationship with the formula of scarcity and become more well-disposed to a wider audience. Diversification of luxury brands with the creation of mountain chain of accessories and cosmetic product for the consumer access to the general public. Partnerships with general public brands, the Masstige contraction of Mass and prestige, or prestige for the masses.Is concept allows enlargement of the luxury market. (Kapferer, 2009) 3. 1. 2 Relativity The vision of what is necessary and desirable is copulation. It depends on the perspective and experience of the consumer. Depending on the consumer perception of luxury is not universal. Buttner and al (2006) argues that theory of relativity of luxury is divided into some(prenominal) categories. The economic relativity, cultural, regional, lay and situational. 1. 3. 1. 2. 1 Economic relativity Kisabaka (2001) suggests economic relativity is expressed by the difference in perception of luxury depending on the economic situation of the consumer.For example, a pair of jeans ? 70 will be considered by a category of consumer as usual while for another it could be a luxury item. From a perspective of another consumer group a pair of jeans worth ? 2000 might not be considered a luxury product. The perception of price and its relativity to luxury can be argued to be relative to the consumer. 2. 3. 1. 2. 2 Cultural relativity Kemp (1998) suggests cultural relativity can be expressed as a function of the consumer culture. Whatever the consumer culture, luxury is a product, which is not trivial and necessary in everyday life.Kemp (1998) But cultural relativity has no indication to the availability of the product but the product vision based on the culture. A product can be considered luxury or not, based on the culture. Kisabaka, (2001) argues in some cultures a product can be ordinary and undesirable while for another it will be indispensable to pass to the culture of his country. For example, alcohol can be seen as a luxury product in European countries, while in Islamic countries there will be a product that very few people consume. (Berthon and al. , 2009) However, Mortelmans (2005, p. 497) arguesEvery social group can be said to have its own luxury Reith Meyer (2003) suggests every culture has its symbols and social distinctions. The consumer of the same culture can be part of different socio-professional category. For example, the hip-hop culture embraces gold teeth and considers it a luxury while it might not be desirable for a different cultural group. Kemp (1998) also argues cultural values express different preferences of luxury they differ depending on age, sex, and education. It is important to differentiate the perception of luxury based on knowledge of the symbols of luxury.But also different perceptions in different cul tural groups. 3. 3. 1. 2. 3 Regional relativity Reith Meyer (2003) express regional relativity in terms of availability of the product. A product mass distribution in a country will not have the luxury status. However, a product, which is rare in a country, takes of value because of its rarity and exclusive distribution. For example, a sunny day at the beach can be considered as a luxury for the countries of Europe. But in the Caribbean this represents the daily weather. 4. 3. 1. 2. 4 The Temporal relativity.Matsuyama (2002) defines temporal relativity by changes in perceptions of luxury over the years. The reasons for these changes in perceptions are societal write outs and the development of applied science. (Schiereck Koenigs, 2006) technical advances for consumer products can change their perspective of luxury For example, Reith Meyer (2003) the television was created in the 1930s when it was considered a luxury, since the progression of technology televisions are present w idely in his homes which has led to a change in the perception of luxury.This product has become common in homes is no chronic a luxury product. However Koschel (2005) argues that the process can be expressed in the opposite direction. Natural resources such as clean air, water became exactly in some countries. Kapferer (2008) suggests temporal relativity is a specific factor of luxury because it is not electrostatic and steady and could change readily. (Jackel Kochhan, 2000) Luxury is not universal and adapts as a function of some factor. It is important for companies to understand these factors and adapt aits marketing to influence different groups to sell its products.3. 2 Luxury client Gilles Lipovetsky (2009), philosopher suggests Do not have faith in a future that is mechanically better and fairer, there are serene people in the hope of a better life, the feast of the senses, the beauty to look for that we leave the monotony of everyday life. Luxury is no longer the accu rsed share, but dreams, excellence and superlative, this humans need. It can be inferred from the higher up statement that luxury for a consumer is an achievement of itself. A luxury consumer wants to provide his wealth and property, luxury goods are a reflection of the wealth.The motivation of pleasure today became the first luxury purchase motivation to its traditional buyers. (Gilles Lipovetsky, 2009) According to Okonkwo (2007) a purchaser of luxury products cannot be considered as a mere client of luxury, but as an individual part of a network of the brand. It is by communion with him the ritual and the traditions of the bard, which they have purchased, by teaching the consumer these details about the brand itself the sense of community and fond regard towards a brand is built. It can be inferred that unlike mass-market brands, the luxury brand should tell a story and to give the customer want to be a part.Gilles Lipovetsky (2009) explains luxury Consumption Consuming is both a product, a legend / myth, tradition, knowledge and ritual use. 3. 2. 1 Customer behaviour Kapferer (2004) suggests that there are several categorize consumers of luxury brands into different groups. Lombard (1989) argues that customers can be differentiated on the basis of their purchasing power. A customer with the financial resources has the capacity to buy products from all the different categories of luxury products (see section 3. 4. 3).These elite customers not only form the key user base of the product but also are a great advertisement for the luxury status of the product. Customers of the elite are the generators of the turnover of luxury brands. They are doglike and hold the financial resources to consume luxury goods when it desires. This type of customer only buys clothes from luxury brands. infrequent customers have the financial resources necessary to consume luxury products but are not addicted. They consume luxury when the mood or the occasion arises. They a re not faithful because they can change the luxury brand in the trend.(Bainco, 2008) The low-income customers who consume when their financial situation allows them. This type of customer consumes the occasional high-priced products for exceptional period (Christmas, birthday). However this type of client is the target of entry-level luxury products. Low-income customers consume perfumes and cosmetics in large quantities. This allows them to detain a part of the brand without spending an extravagant amount.According to Berry (1994), three levels of luxury can be presented the unattainable luxury reserved for extremely rich people, luxury means restricted to spunk grad high and cheap luxury reserved for the middle class. Each level corresponds to a totally different type of marketing because the target is not the same, the brand must adapt depending on the area they choose. Consumers behaviour while buying luxury products can be affected by three different effects. (Leibenstein, 1 950) 5. 3. 2. 1. 1 The Veblen Effect One can distinguish consumption to be under the Veblen effect, conspicuous consumption. Leibenstein, (1950) suggests the consumer buys the luxury product due to its high price.The work of Bourne (1957) explains the influence of peer groups on consumers in their purchases of luxury goods. Vigneron and Johnson (1999) also argue that a positive relationship is observed between conspicuous consumption and peer groups. In addition, Bearden and Etzel (1982) also explain that to buy the product in public is a sign of Veblen because the customer wants to be seen buying a valuable product. The consumer wants to show their wealth, status and power (Veblen, 1899). The price of the products is considered important in the minds of consumers, it represents the quality.(Vigneron and Johnson, 1999) Erickson and Johansson (1995) conducted a study showing that the price can judge the quality of a luxury item. It is also agued the customer who consumes with effect Veblen is attentive to the quality of the product. 6. 3. 2. 1. 2 The effect of Snob According to Leibenstein (1950), the effect of prig is a complex concept. A consumer with the snob effect takes into account the emotional and personal desires which Influences the behaviour of others is also a factor that pushes the purchase of products of luxury brands.For example, the launch of a new product, create exclusivity, snob effect causes the immediate purchase. Few clients have this product at the launch, the customer will feel different and above other consumer, it is preferred. A luxury item in limited sale has a great value while a readily available product will be less demand and will not have a high value unusual item brings respect and prestige. (Solomon, 1994) However, after some time, the general public and the mass consumers consume the product, the snob consumers reject the product. The unique product, popular and expensive does not stay long.Demand is growing rapidly and the product loses value. (Verhallen and Robben, 1994) 7. 3. 2. 1. 3 The Bandwagon Effect Bandwagon effect is a different concept of the two previous. In this effect, the product is consumed by the mass market, its demand in the market is important. Consumers are buying this type of product in order to have a luxury product and belong to a group. The luxury product is the similarity between the members of the group. (Leibenstein, 1950) For example, a consumer group buying the same manufacture luxury feel they belong to the same social class.The product is generally in the current trend and at affordable price. Berry (1994) argues Bandwagon consumers buy the product to look like other consumer and access a different social class a different group. 3. 2. 2 Price McKinsey (1990) suggests that the price is the first characteristic, withheld to characterize luxury goods. It is evaluated as the criterion most objectives and most quantifiable to measure the quality of luxury. . Dubois and Duq uesne (1993) also suggest that luxury product must be at a high price to be conceivable it is an essential criterion for the qualification of the same as a luxury.Kapferer (2001) argues although the price is a very important criterion for the luxury product it is not the whole product. It can be found on the market for very expensive products that are not necessarily luxury items due to lack of quality and luxury marketing. The brand positioning reflects its class. In addition, Kapferer and Bastien (2009) also argue that the consumer looking for a luxury product is ready to pay the price but he also wants. Indeed, the consumer wants to own an expensive product because it provides the purchaser with recognition, which is valuable.The researched can infer that price is price is an important guideline of a luxury product. In addition, Danielle ALLERES (1997) states The fair price for a luxury product based on a perfect correlation between the level in the world of luxury, rarity and i ts brand reputation. According to Julian Levy and Jacques Lendrevie (2009) a policy of glide or price skimming is a pricing policy, which consists of a high price (often partially upset from the cost) that customers can choose, the price can directly target customers.It also maintains the image of luxury brand and reputation. (Julian Levy and Jacques Lendrevie, 2009) also argue that luxury product cannot be sold at a discount price. It may lose its value and caused the damage to the brand. 3. 2. 3 Exclusivity Kisabaka (2001) suggests scarcity of a product is also an important part of making it luxury. A luxury consumer wants exclusivity and differentiation. For example, a customer who purchases a product from a luxury brand would expect it to be exclusive and would not like it for it to be a mass-market product.(Catry, 2003) also points out luxury brand must ensure the rarity of its products by limiting the production and individualization of products. 3. 4 Luxury brand A brand ca n be expressed as the identity of the company and the consumers it targets. The brand must represent a clear image in the minds of target consumers. (Esch, 2011) The luxury brand is associated with its flagship products and basic products on the basis of which consumers assimilate the product image. (Kapferer, 2008) For example, the little black jacket from Chanel is the flagship product for years and is forever and a day equated with the image of Chanel.(http//thelittleblackjacket. chanel. com) Meffert and Lasslop (2003) suggest that different definitions of luxury represent the association of product characteristics and brand. A luxury brand is associated with an image that is ubiquitous in the consumers mind, which is itself associated with a luxury product high price, perfect quality esthetical, the scarcity of the product and the product exceptional characters. 3. 4. 1 Relationship Product/Brand A luxury brand must not only offer luxury products but also offer ranges of produc ts more accessible products to maintain the brand status.The goal would be to reach a wider target customer. (Kapferer and Bastien, 2009) For example, luxury brands such as Chanel and Dior, offer ranges available such as key rings or jewellery phone products. This allows consumers to degrade and feel to be a part of brand, with an affordable price. In addition, brands offer masstiges products this concept is the combination of a luxury brand with a current and accessible brand to the public. For example, H M has many partnerships with luxury brands and top designer. (Kapferer, 2008) Collections are distributed in H M stores at affordable prices to the general public.This marketing tactic provides high visibility for luxury brands to the mass market. In contrast, non-luxury brands try to portray themselves to be offering a range of products, which include a touch of luxury for another customer segment. For example, as Lufthansa airlines offer flights with luxury service at an add itional cost such as offering extra-large seats, bigger entertainment systems and meals cooked to order. This demonstrates the relationship between a product and brand is important. It can also be inferred that a luxury brands have to offer luxury products to maintain its brand image.Furthermore the quality and status of a product will only remain one that of a luxurious item if the brand is rated as a luxury brand. 3. 4. 2 Type of luxury brand Luxury brands can be categorised using various different factors, which affect a brand. 8. 3. 4. 2. 1 Luxury brand level Esteve and Hieu-Dess (2005) argues level of brand can be differentiated on the basis of the levels of luxuries performed. It is therefore important to distinguish luxury brands based on a category. The entry-level products of entry-level correspond to the product seen above in relation brand / product.Its products are part of the range luxury brand but with affordable prices. In its entry-level, there are the masstiges and the products of luxury brands at affordable prices. simulation Hugo Boss Fragrance Luxury product middle level These products are part of the luxury range, but they are not maximum level. Its products are accessible while maintaining their entities luxury. Example Marc Jacobs, Moschino. Luxury goods of high level These products represented luxury in pure state. These ranges of products are of high quality and high price. Example HermesProduces luxury level of the elite This product is the top of the ladder. This segment is the most luxury products. Its quality and marketing must be irreproachable, they represent the brand. To reference the type of product is Chanel, Dior. According to the relativity of luxury explained above, the established classification can be modified over time. A brand can go from middle level to level for elite customer. It may be noted its changes based on trends, seasons and different cultures. (Phan and al. ,2011) Conversely, certain brand may lose their l uxury positioning if it does not fit depending on relativity.For example, Christian Lacroix, who lost his rank High Fashion due to improper adaptation of its marketing and its collections. (Bainco, 2009) 9. 3. 4. 2. 2 Luxury brand awareness The leading products and notorieties are very important in the management of the brand and in its differentiation. A luxury brand should differentiate itself from others with its marketing strategy and advertising. The knowledgeable consumer expects certain notoriety, it must be found in the marketing strategy. The luxury brand needs to focus its marketing and marketing in a niche.If a brand decides to sell luggage, clothing, jewellery and does not fit its marketing it will no longer be identified as specialize and thus not as a luxury brand. (Meffert and Lasslop 2003) knowingness of the brand in the minds of the public is essential. The flagship products create the brand awareness even if its products are for purchase only certain category of c ustomer it represents the brand. Previously the author explained the importance of quality and marketing for the range of customer connoisseur but this process is also important for the client who never will buy the product.Its customers will be interested in the brand and will position as a luxury brand (Kapferer, 2009) The primary objective of the luxury brand is to become known around the world to demonstrate its performance and quality. (Phan and al, 2011) In addition, for a customer of the elite luxury product group buys a flagship product is a sign of wealth, it is important that the product meets this demand (Kapferer Bastien, 2009). 3. 4. 3 Marketing technique If the marketing of mass consumption appeared after World War II during the post-war boom, the first luxury marketing techniques already existed in the seventeenth century.Berry (1994) The companies in the luxury sector can manage the time by recalling the history of their homes through codes. For example, Chanel, two legendary fragrance N 5 first perfume by Gabrielle Chanel launched in 1921 and still one of the best global industry sales is the lucky number of Coco, and No. 19 is reference to the date of birth of the Creator August 19, 1883, this history is an important part of the marketing strategy of the companies these age as they entice buyers by presenting a history and tradition of the product.Each of the luxury goods is modernized, redesigned while respecting the history of the house, called in luxury marketing an incremental leap technique. (Kapferer 2009) Thus, the customer discovers and buys without hesitation a new form of a mythical product that meets the codes of the house, allowing sales to continue to grow. The success of these products is only possible through the wobble of know-how of artisans and small hands working in the workshops. Embroiderers, milliners, dressmakers, all these businesses demonstrate a thorough knowledge and quality that are transmitted in time while upgrading.This concept allows the luxury home to restart their old products maintaining the brand image. A new advertising campaign is designed and the product is restarted. During a period of crisis, this concept is used by numerous brands. (Meffert Lasslop 2003) Luxury brands must carefully control its distribution channels. (Esch 2011) the industry knows how to act each of its products in places specific distribution channels for each target group. Thus, it is imposs.